新目标英语八年级上册正误例析
江西 胡扬朋
Unit 4 What are you doing for vacation?
1. 他每天步行上学。
误：He walks to school on foot every day.
正：He walks to school every day.
正：He goes to school on foot every day.
析：on foot已表示步行，而walk也是步行，说walk…on foot，在意义上就重复，两者中应去一留一。如：I sometimes walk to the factory. (=I sometimes go to the factory on foot.) 我有时步行去工厂。
2. 今天早上她很快吃完了早餐。
误：She had quick breakfast this morning.
正：She had a quick breakfast this morning.
析：一日三餐饭的名词前面通常不用冠词。如：Let’s go and have breakfast. 咱们去吃早饭。What do you have lunch? 你什么时候吃中饭？如指某次具体的饭时，三餐饭前有形容词修饰，则须用不定冠词。如：After a quick lunch, he hurried to the station. 他很快吃过午饭，匆匆忙忙地赶到车站。I had a wonderful supper. 我吃了一顿很好的晚餐。
3. 我上班要花半个小时。
误：It spends me half an hour to get to work.
正：It takes me half an hour to get to work.
析：“某人花费若干时间做某事”一般可以用动词take或spend来表示，其常用句型是：it takes somebody some time to do something或somebody spends some time (in) doing something 在以上两种句型中，take与spend不能互换。如：It took them three years to build this bridge. （=They spent three years in building this bridge. ）他们花了三年时间建了这座桥。
4. 我通常骑自行车来。
误：I usually come by the bike.
正：I usually come by bike.
析：by bike(plane, train, boat, car, ship)等表示使用某种交通方式时，习惯上名词前面不用冠词。如：Sometimes we go by ship. 有时我们乘船去。He goes to work by bus every day. 他每天乘公共汽车去上班。
5. 我的意见和你的不同。
误：My idea is different with yours.
正：My idea is different from yours.
析：different可以接介词from表示“与……不同”、“和……有别”之意，但不能接介词with。如：She is quite different from her sister. 她与她姐姐大不一样了。
6. 公共汽车站离他的家大约两百米。
误：The bus stop is about two hundreds meters from his home.
正：The bus stop is about two hundred meters from his home.
析：hundred, thousand, million前面有基数词修饰，表示具体数字时，本身不能用复数形式。如：There are more than two thousand teachers and students in our school. 我们学校有两千多名师生。
7. 她不让她的孩子在这儿玩。
误：She doesn’t let her children to play here.
正：She doesn’t let her children play here.
析：表示“让某人做某事”应该说let somebody do something，不能说let somebody to do something。如：Let us help you. 让我们帮助你。
8. 他担心他母亲的身体。
误：He worries his mother’s health.
正：He worries about his mother’s health.
析：worry用作及物动词是“使……担心”的意思，多用人作其宾语。如：What’s worrying your mother? 什么事使你母亲担心呢？但作“担心”解时，worry是不及物动词，要说“担心某人（物）”时，常说worry about somebody(something)。如：You don’t have to worry about rank or pay. 你不必担心和薪金。
9. 学生们正在看黑板上的生词。
误：The students are looking the new words on the blackboard.
正：The students are looking at the new words on the blackboard
析：look表示“看”的意思时，是不及物动词，如需跟宾语，后面须加介词at。如：May I look at your new book? 我可以看看你的新书吗？
10. 你认为那个报告怎么样？
误：How do you think of the talk?
正：What do you think of the talk?
析：think of 表示“觉得怎样”、“认为如何”，和what连用，how是疑问副词，不能作think of的宾语。如：What do you think of the idea? 这个意见你觉得怎样？
练习：错误辨认，从下列各句的A、B、C、D中找出一处错误，并将错改正。
1. How long does it spend you to finish the work?
A B C D
2. It’s very different with Australia at this time of year.
A B C D
3. The boy looked everything with interest.
A B C D
4. We’ll get there by the train next week.
A B C D
5. The bus is full of people. Shall we walk home on foot?
A B C D
6. There are more than two hundreds doctors and nurses in our hospital.
A B C D
7. How do you think of the plan?
A B C D
8. His parents doesn’t let him to watch TV after school.
A B C D
9. After quick supper he went to the school library.
A B C D
10. Don’t worry the boy. He will come back soon.
A B C D
Key:
Unit 4
1. C(take)2. B(from)3. A(looked at)4. C(train)5. D(go)
6. C(hundred)7. A(What)8. C(watch)9. A(a quick supper)10. B(worry about)