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牛津英语科8A全套教案

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Chaper 1

A letter from a pen-friend 一封笔友的来信         

一 单词汇总

chapter                     n. 章节

below                       pep.在……下面

rugby                       n.英式橄榄球运动

hockey                      n.曲棍球

badminton                   n.羽毛球运动

title                       n.标题

signature                   n.署名,签名

top-right                   adj.右上角的

greeting                    n.问候

foot                        n.英尺

hobby                       n.兴趣,业余爱好

chess                       n.国际象棋

own                         v. 拥有

be keen on                  喜爱

physics                     n.物理学

ambition                    n.雄心,野心

enclose                     v.附上

dictionary                  n.字典,词典

steak                       n.牛排

punch                       n. 伴汁酒

all in                      精疲力竭的

trainer                     n. (无钉的)软运动鞋

idle                        adj. 懒惰的

inaudible                   adj. 听不见的

shut                        v. 关上,关闭

full name                   全名

inch                        n. 英寸

geography                   n. 地理

probably                    adv. 可能,大概,也许

meal                        n. 餐,饭食

university                  n.大学

leave school                (毕业)离校

birth                       n. 出生

European                    n. 欧洲人

actress                     n. 女演员

recently                    adv. 近来

clearly                     adv. 清楚地

couple                      n. 夫妇

adopt                       v. 收养

omen                        n.预兆

destined                    adj.注定

embassy                     n.大使馆

 

二 重点难点解析

1. Now my parents own a Chinese restaurant.现在我的父母拥有一家中国餐馆。

1)own作动词时,意为“拥有,所有”。例:She owns a car but rarely drives it.她有一辆车,但很少开。

2)own作形容词或代词时,意为“自己的”,其前必须要有名词所有格或形容词性物主代词。例:

      This is Jack's own room.这是杰克自己的房间。

      I saw it with my own eyes.这是我亲眼所见。

3)owner名词“主人,物主”。例:The owner of the restaurant is an oversea Chinese.饭店的主人是位海外华人。

2. 1 have a brother called Edwin.我有一个名叫埃德温的哥哥。

    ① called Edwin为v-ed分词短语,作定语时通常后置。例:

      I've bought a video camera made in Japan.我买了一部日本产的摄像机。

    ②called意为“称呼,名叫”,与它意思相同的还有:named, with the name of.

3. He works as an architect.他担任建筑师的工作。

as在句中作介词,意为“以……身份,作为”。例:He was famous as a singer.作为一位歌手他很著名。

architect  n.建筑师    architecture  n.建筑学

4. 1 enclose…随信附上……  随信寄照片、资料等,都可以用这一表达方法。例:

My brother enclosed a photo of my niece in his letter.我哥哥随信附上一张我侄女的照片。

5. How many brothers and sisters has he got? 他有多少兄弟姐妹?

动词have/have got意义相同,但have got用法在疑问句和答语中略有不同。 Have you got three lessons every day? Yes, I have. /No, I haven't.你每天上三节课吗?是的,上三节课。/不,没有。(在have got结构中,have为助动词,可构成疑问句和否定句。)Do you have three lessons every day? Yes, I do. /No, I don't.你每天上三节课吗?是的,上三节课。/不,没有。(have用作行为动词时,需加助动词do构成疑问句和否定句。)

三 重点语段翻译

A letter from a pen-friend

Dear May

Hi!I saw your name and address in‘Pen-friends’magazine,and I would like to be your pen-

friend .First, I will tell you some things about myself. My name is Sidney Li Pei-chun.I'm fourteen years old .I'm about five feet tall .I have short black hair and brown eyes .My favourite hobby is playing computer games .I also enjoy playing chess .

I live with my parents.They came to England about 30 years ago.They came from Hong Kong, but I have never been there .Now my parents own a Chinese restaurant in Newcastle .We live in a small house near our restaurant .I was born in Newcastle in 1986 .I can speak Chinese,but I cannot write it very well .I have a brother called Edwin .He is 23 .He works as an architect, in London.

I'm in Form One at Walker School.It is near my house,and so I can walk to school.I like my

school because the teachers are very friendly.My school has many sports fields .I am keen on sports .I enjoy playing rugby and badminton in the winter , and tennis in the summer. My best subject at school is physics .My ambition is to be an engineer.

I enclose a photo of myself and some school friends.I am in the middle.I hope you will write to me soon,May,and tell me all about yourself.

Best wishes

Sidney

                                一封笔友的来信

亲爱的梅

    嗨!我是在《笔友》这本杂志上看见你的名字和地址的,我想成为你的笔友。首先,我将告诉你关于我自己的一些事情。我叫悉尼,李佩春。我十四岁。大约五英尺高。我有黑色的短发,棕色的眼睛。我最大的爱好就是玩电脑游戏。我还喜欢下国际象棋。

    我和父母生活在一起。他们大约在三十年前来到英国。他们来自,但我从未去过那儿。现在我父母在纽卡斯尔有一家中国餐馆。我们住在餐馆附近的一所小房子里。我于1986年生于纽卡斯尔。我会讲汉语,但不太会写。我有一个名叫埃德温的哥哥。他23岁了。在伦敦担任建筑师的工作。

    我在Walker学校读一年级。它就在我家附近,所以我可以步行去上学。我喜欢我的学校因为老师们都很友好。我的学校有很多运动场地。我很喜欢运动。冬天我喜欢玩橄榄球和羽毛球,夏天我喜欢打网球。在学校我最喜欢的科目是物理。我的理想是作一名工程师。

    随信附上一张我和学校一些朋友的照片。我在中间,我希望你能尽快给我回信,梅,告诉我有关你的全部。

致以良好的祝愿

悉尼

四 语法讲解

1.特殊疑问句

(1)常见的特殊疑问词有: What(事情),Where(地点),When(时间),Which(选择人或事),Who(人),

How(方式),How old(年龄),How far(距离),How many(数量),How much(数量/价格),How big(大小),How long(时间或距离长短),etc .

(2)特殊疑问句结构

    1)疑问词+一般疑问句How do people get drinking water?

    2)对主语或主语部分提问时,结构是:疑问词+谓语部分Who helps to keep the environment clean?

2.不定冠词a/an

  “a”用在以辅音音素开始的单词前,如:a beautiful girl, a useful book等;而“an”则用于以元音音素开始的单词前,如:an hour, an umbrella,

Chapter 2

A day in the life of…whiz一kid Wendy神童温迪的一天

一 单词汇总

subtitle                     n.副标题

similar                      adj.相似的,类似的

expect                       v.期待

successful                   adj.成功的

whiz-kid.                   神童

business                     n.生意,公司

luckily                      adv.幸运地

manager                      n.经理

responsible                  adj.有责任的

be responsible for           对……负责

sale                         v.卖,销售

accountant                   n.会计

boring                       adj.乏味的

simple                       adj.简单的,容易的

achieve                      v.得到,实现

grade                        n.分数

fail                         v. 失败,不及格

exam                         n.考试

collect                      v. 接走

client                       a.顾客,主顾

return                       v.回,返回

attend                       v.参加,出席

assist                       v.帮助,支援

continue                     v. 继续,延续

seldom                       adv.很少,不常,难得

duty                          n.责任

gain                          v. 得到,获得

usual                         adj.通常的,平常的

guard                         n.警卫,保安

messenger                     n.送信者,报信者

construction                  n.建筑,施工

daydream                      v. 作白日梦,空想

lose one's tempe              发脾气

wish                          v. 想要某事物,希望

tell the truth                说实话

champion                      n.冠军,优胜者

jogging                       n.慢跑

mathematics                   n.数学

P. E.                         n.体育(课)

二 重点难点解析

1. Wendy Wang must be one of the top students in Shanghai.温迪·王一定是上海的高材生之一。

*Must是情态动词,在这里表示猜测的意思,意为“一定是”,通常只用于肯定句,在否定句或疑问句中用can表示猜测。例:It must be true.那一定是真的。Can it be true?那可能是真的吗?

It can't be true.那不可能是真的。

*one of the top students = one of the best students高材生之一

"one of+名词复数”表示“……之一”

2. Now all of her family work in her business.现在所有她的家人都在她的公司工作。

☆family表示“家庭”或“家人”,是集合名词,若视为整体,动词用单数,若逐个考虑其个体,则动词用复数。例: My family is very large.我家是个大家庭。My family are all very well.我的家人都很好。

☆business n.生意businessman n.商人(男)businesswoman n.商人(女)

 busy adj.忙的busily adv.忙地

3.辨析:put on穿上,wear穿着,dress穿着,打扮

☆put on强调穿衣的动作,宾语须是物;wear表示穿着衣服的状态;dress既可指动作也可指状态,但宾语须是人。例:You'd better put on your coat if you want to go out.如果想出去最好把衣服穿上。

    He is wearing a new suit today.他今天穿了一套新的西装。

    She dresses her child every day.她每天都要给孩子穿衣服。

4. over half a million超过50万

☆over作介词,意为“超过,多于”,相当于more than。例:

He was away over (more than) a month.他离开一个多月了。

5. I always go to school in my own car. 我总是坐我自己的车去上学。

in one's car = by car坐小汽车

6. 辨析:enough to,too…to,so…that

☆enough to 和 too…to 构成简单句,so…that 构成复合句;enough to 和 so…that 表示肯定,too…to 和 so…that 表示否定。例:I am not old enough to drive.= I am too young to drive.= I am so young that I can’t drive. 我太小了,不能开车。

7. 辨析:attend, take part in, join

☆三者都有“参加”之意。attend 指参加、出席会议;take part in 多指参加活动;join 指加入组织、团体、党派。例:My father attends a meeting every Thursday afternoon.我爸爸每周四下午要去开会。

You’d better take part in all the activities at school. 你最好参加学校的各项活动。

Do you want to join the League? 你想入团吗?

8. On Friday we have Computer Club meetings. 每周五我们都参加电脑社会议。

☆have用作行为动词,常与一名词连用表示与该名词相当的动词意义,如:have a meeting/a swim/a walk/ a lesson…开会/游泳/散步/上课……。 否定句和疑问句中要用助动词do/does/did。例:-Do you often have a walk after supper? –Yes, I do./ No, I don’t.

9. I go to my office and continue working on my games. 然后我到办公室继续设计电脑游戏。

  • continue doing sth 继续做某事。例:How can you continue writing in such dim light?这么暗的光线你怎么能继续写呢?
  • work on 从事(某工作),例:

 

A day in the life of... whiz-kid Wendy

  Wendy Wang,15,must be one of the top students in Shanghai .She's already written several successful computer games.Now all of her family work in her business .And she's still at school!

  6 a. m.

  I get up at six, wash and put on my school uniform.I have breakfast with my parents.We have a family business .I started the business two”二ago .I write computer games .Luckily,they are very popular. We sell over half a million games every year.场father is the manager of the company,and my mother is responsible for sales .My' brother is our accountant .Every morning we discuss the business at breakfast .Then I usually work on my computer for an hour

before school.、

7 .30 a. m.

I always go to school in my own car. I am not old enough to drive,and so I have a driver. I sometimes make phone calls to clients on the way to school.

8 a. m.

I start school.I enjoy seeing my school friends,but some of the work is boring because it is too simple for me .I usually achieve A grades in all my subjects,I never fail an exam.

12.30 p.m.

About twice a week my driver collects me from school.I go and have lunch with a client.Then I return to school.

4 .15 p. m.

After school I usually attend a club.On Friday have Computer Club meetings.The other students often ask me to assist them .On Mondays and Thursdays I play basketball.Once a week I have violin lessons.My driver always takes me home after school .I finish my homework  in an hour or two before dinner.}

7p.m.

I always have dinner with my parents.We discuss our business.Then I go to my office and continue working on my games .I seldom go to bed before 2 a. m .I do not usually need much sleep.

                                  神童温迪的一天

        温迪·王,巧岁,一定是上海的高材生之一。她已经编写了几个成功的电脑游戏。现在所有她的家人都在她的公司工作。然而她还在上学!

        上午6点

        我六点起床、洗脸、穿上校服,我和我的父母一起吃早餐。我们拥有一个家族公司。我于两年前开办了公司。我编写电脑游戏。幸运地是,它们很受欢迎。我们每年能销售50多万个游戏。我的爸爸是公司的经理,妈妈负责梢售。我哥哥是会计。每天早上我们都边吃早餐边讨论生意。然后我通常在上学前的一个小时用电脑

工作。

        上午7点so分

        我总是坐自己的车去上学。我太小了,不能开车,因此我有一个司机。有时候我在上学的路上给客户打电话。

        上午8点

        我开始上课。我喜欢看见学校的朋友,但有些课程很无聊,因为对我来说太简单了。通常我所有的科目都会得A。我从来没有考试不及格过。

        下午12 ,: 30分

        大约每周两次我的司机会去学校接我。我去和一位客户吃午饭。然后回学校。

        下午4点15分

        放学后我通常会参加社团。每周五我们都要参加电脑社会议。其他学生经常让我帮助他们。每周一和周四我打篮球。我每周上一次小提琴课。我的司机总是在放学后接我回家。我在晚饭前用一到两小时完成作业。

        下午7点

        我总是和父母一起吃晚餐。我们讨论生意。然后我到办公室继续设计电脑游戏。我很少在凌晨2点以前睡觉。我通常不需要大量的睡眠。

三 语法讲解

1.一般现在时

    一般现在时表示目前的状态及经常发生或习惯性的动作,常与usually, often, sometimes, every day等状语连用。也可用于表达一种客观事实、习惯和作息时间表。

    1)谓语用动词原形;当主语为第三人称时,动词后+s/es.

        I get up at six every morning·

        The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

    2)动词第三人称单数变化规则如下:

    (1)一般动词后+s;

    (2)以s/x/ch/sh结尾的动词+es. mixes/discusses/washes/teaches

    (3)go/do十es,goes/does

    (4)一些以y结尾的动词如y前是辅音字母,则将Y改成i + es. studies/hurries/worries

    (5)如y前是元音字母就加s. plays/stays

    3)其否定句或疑问句是用助动词do或does构成。

      Do you have lunch at school? Yes,I do. /No, I don't.

      Does he go to work on foot? Yes,he does./No, he doesn't.

      I don't go to school on Sundays.

      She doesn't do her homework at home.

2.频度副词(always, usually, sometimes, seldom, often...)在句子中的位置

  1)位于主要行为动词的前面。例: He often does his homework in the evening. (does是行为动词)

  2)位于be 动词的后面。例:She is always late for school.(is是be动词)

  3)位于助动词和主要行为动词之间。例:I don't usually go to school by bus. (don't是助动,go是行为动词)

3.how often来询问动作所发生的频率。

4.时间状语(once一次  twice两次  three times三次  four times四次  on Monday/every day, etc.)常位于句首或句末。

Chapter 3

Dealing with troubles 处理麻烦事

一 单词汇总

dial                              v. 拨(电话号码)

diary                             n.日记

argue                             v. 争论,争吵

deal with                         对付,处理

argument                          n.争论,争吵

shout at                          向……大声嚷嚷

hold out     

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